Artículo técnico · Innovak News
Climate change and extreme abiotic conditions represent some of the greatest challenges for agriculture today. These factors - including water stress, salinity, and high temperatures - directly affect the metabolism, growth, and productivity of crops, generating a significant threat to global food security.
The main abiotic factors affecting agriculture are: water stress, which limits water and nutrient absorption by roots; high temperatures, which alter photosynthetic processes and reduce yield; and salinity, which causes osmotic, ionic, and oxidative stress in plants. These factors do not only decrease crop yields, but also alter natural growth cycles and agricultural biodiversity.
According to the FAO, 23% of agricultural economic losses over the past 30 years are attributed to extreme abiotic conditions, underlining the urgent need to implement adaptation strategies. The impact of abiotic conditions on crops calls for an integrated approach combining innovative technologies, sustainable agricultural practices, and adaptation policies to guarantee food security in a constantly changing climate.
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